Systematics of spiny‐backed treefrogs ( H ylidae: O steocephalus ): an A mazonian puzzle

Spiny‐backed tree frogs of the genus O steocephalus are conspicuous components of the tropical wet forests of the A mazon and the G uiana S hield. Here, we revise the phylogenetic relationships of O steocephalus and its sister group T epuihyla , using up to 6134 bp of DNA sequences of nine mitochondrial and one nuclear gene for 338 specimens from eight countries and 218 localities, representing 89% of the 28 currently recognized nominal species. Our phylogenetic analyses reveal (i) the paraphyly of O steocephalus with respect to T epuihyla , (ii) the placement of ‘ H yla’ warreni as sister to T epuihyla , (iii) the non‐monophyly of several currently recognized species within O steocephalus and (iv) the presence of low (