Sleep deprivation regulates availability of PrP C and Aβ peptides which can impair interaction between PrP C and laminin and neuronal plasticity

PrP is a glycoprotein capable to interact with several molecules and mediates diverse signaling pathways. Among numerous ligands, laminin (LN) is known to promote neurite outgrowth and memory consolidation, while amyloid-beta oligomers (Aβo) trigger synaptic dysfunction. In both pathways, mGluR1 is recruited as co-receptor. The involvement of PrP /mGluR1 in these opposite functions suggests that this complex is a key element in the regulation of synaptic activity. Considering that sleep-wake cycle is important for synaptic homeostasis, we aimed to investigate how sleep deprivation affects the expression of PrP and its ligands, laminin, Aβo, and mGluR1, a multicomplex that can interfere with neuronal plasticity. To address this question, hippocampi of control (CT) and sleep deprived (SD) C57BL/6 mice were collected at two time points of circadian period (13 hr and 21 hr). We observed that sleep deprivation reduced PrP and mGluR1 levels with higher effect in active state (21 hr). Sleep deprivation also caused accumulation of Aβ peptides in rest period (13 hr), while laminin levels were not affected. In vitro binding assay showed that Aβo can compete with LN for PrP binding. The influence of Aβo was also observed in neuritogenesis. LN alone promoted longer neurite outgrowth than non-treated cells in both Prnp and Prnp genotypes. Aβo alone did not show any effects, but when added together with LN, it attenuated the effects of LN only in Prnp cells. Altogether, our findings indicate that sleep deprivation regulates the availability of PrP and Aβ peptides, and based on our in vitro assays, these alterations induced by sleep deprivation can negatively affect LN-PrP interaction, which is known to play roles in neuronal plasticity.