Knowledge, attitude and practice of residents in the prevention and control of COVID‐19: An online questionnaire survey

Aims To explore the status quo and the influencing factors of residents’ knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), and the difficulties or challenges perceived by residents in their preventive practice. Design An online questionnaire survey. Methods The self‐designed questionnaire was distributed among residents online in February 2020. Descriptive statistics, two independent samples t‐tests, one‐way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, multivariate linear regression and content analysis were performed. Results A total of 919 valid questionnaires were collected. The scoring rates of residents’ KAP were 85.2%, 92.9% and 84.4% respectively. Main factors influencing residents’ knowledge included gender and occupation; while those influencing attitude were occupation, family economic level and knowledge; and those influencing practice included place of residence, occupation, with or without chronic disease, knowledge and attitude. Mass media was the primary approach for people to learn the knowledge and information of COVID‐19. Difficulties or challenges faced were mainly lack of protective equipments, concerns about the risk of prevention and control, impact on daily life, work and study, lack of knowledge and consensus, psychological problems and information problems. Conclusion The attitude of residents towards COVID‐19 prevention and control is generally positive. The knowledge and practice have been popularized to a certain extent, but there are still deviations or deficiencies in residents’ understanding of certain important knowledge and the adoption of relevant preventive measures. Evidence‐based tailored public education initiatives are indicated. Impact Findings of this study add important knowledge about residents’ understanding, attitude, practice and the influencing factors on COVID‐19 prevention and control, which serves as a scientific foundation for optimizing the pandemic public education and decision‐making. 摘要 目的 探讨居民对新冠病毒肺炎 (COVID‐19) 防控知识、态度和行为 (KAP) 的现状和影响因素, 以及居民在预防实践中认为的困难或挑战。 设计 一项在线问卷调查。 方法 于2020年2月向居民在线发放自编调查问卷。进行了描述性统计、两个独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、皮尔森相关性分析、多元线性回归和内容分析。 结果 本次调查共收集有效问卷919份。居民的知识、态度和行为得分率分别为85.2%、92.9%和84.4%。影响居民知识的主要因素包括性别和职业; 影响态度的主要因素是职业、家庭经济水平和知识; 影响行为的主要因素包括居住地、职业、有无慢性病、知识和态度。大众传媒是人们了解新冠病毒肺炎知识和信息的主要途径。面临的困难或挑战主要包括缺乏防护设备, 担心防控风险, 影响日常生活、工作和学习, 缺乏知识和共识, 心理问题和信息问题。 结论 居民对待新冠病毒肺炎防控工作的态度总体上是积极的。在某种程度上, 知识和行为得到了普及, 但居民对某些重要知识的理解以及在采取相关预防措施方面仍有偏差或不足