A Smart Primary Pad With Integrated TMR Sensors for Wirelessly Charged EVs

In this article, a simple and efficient sensing mechanism, using tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors and a measurement scheme is presented to enable the primary pad to automatically detect and identify the secondary pad in an electric vehicle (EV). In wirelessly charged EVs, a primary pad that can interoperate with different types of secondary pads is highly beneficial. A bipolar pad (BPP) primary can be configured to transfer power to a circular pad (CP) or a double-D pad (DDP) secondary. In the proposed system, during the sensing phase, the primary pad is excited at a very low current (