Hierarchical Proactive Control Based Grid-Forming Energy Router for Industrial Microgrid

Energy routers present a viable option for harvesting renewable energy sources (RESs) and ensure dependable electricity provision in industrial microgrids. This paper presents a multi-functional, grid-forming energy router (GFMER), accompanied by a hierarchical proactive control approach. The lower-layer controller handles the coordination strategies among photovoltaic (PV) systems, battery energy storage units (BESU), and DC/AC converters. In this layer, an optimized multi-objective droop control mechanism is presented to proactively regulate AC grid-side voltage imbalances and deviations. Meanwhile, the upper-layer control is deployed to maintain the DC bus voltage, and a novel power allocation module has been designed to enhance the dynamic transient support for grids. The effectiveness and practical value of this proposed methodology have been validated through MATLAB/Simulink and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments.