A Single-Ended Duobinary-PAM4(PAM7) Transmitter with a 2-Tap Feed-Forward Equalizer

A Single-Ended Duobinary-PAM4(PAM7) Transmitter with a 2-Tap Feed-Forward Equalizer

A dual-mode transmitter, capable of both PAM4 and duobinary-PAM4 signal generation, has been demonstrated in a 28-nm CMOS technology for memory interfaces. The transmitter utilizes a duobinary-PAM4 encoder that generates 7-level duobinary-PAM4 signals by adding two half-rate PAM4 signals driven by q...

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Veröffentlicht in:IEEE solid-state circuits letters 2023-01, Vol.6, p.1-1
Hauptverfasser: Park, Sanghyeon, Kim, Jaenam, Park, Jaewoo, Bae, Junhan, Chun, Jung-Hoon
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Clocks
Coders
duobinary
Duobinary-PAM4
Encoding
Equalizers
Impedance
Inverters
memory interface
multi-drop channel
multi-level signaling
Optical transmitters
Pulse amplitude modulation
pulse amplitude modulation 4-level (PAM4)
Signal generation
Temperature measurement
Time-frequency analysis
transmitter
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:A dual-mode transmitter, capable of both PAM4 and duobinary-PAM4 signal generation, has been demonstrated in a 28-nm CMOS technology for memory interfaces. The transmitter utilizes a duobinary-PAM4 encoder that generates 7-level duobinary-PAM4 signals by adding two half-rate PAM4 signals driven by quarter-rate clocks. To generate duobinary-PAM4 signals and incorporate a 2-tap feed-forward equalizer, the proposed transmitter consists of 48 source-series terminated driver segments that are partitioned into four blocks. At 18-Gb/s, the proposed transmitter exhibits energy efficiency of 1.11-pJ/b and 1.66-pJ/b energy in duobinary-PAM4 and PAM4 modes, respectively.
ISSN:2573-9603
2573-9603
DOI:10.1109/LSSC.2023.3269043