Guest Editorial: Special Cluster on Recent Advances in Applications Involving Mutual Coupling

Mutual coupling between antennas and their surrounding environment has been a recognized phenomenon since the inception of antennas [1]. When an antenna element within an array operates as a transmitter, its radiated field induces electromagnetic currents in nearby elements, leading to reradiation. This coupled field can distort radiation patterns and change the terminating impedance. Both effects are typically considered as undesirable, although they may also be exploited to achieve higher performance in some cases. During receiving operations, the received signals comprise both the desired incoming signals and unwanted coupled fields from adjacent antennas and surrounding objects [2].