Comprehensive Throughput Analysis of Unslotted ALOHA for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks
Unslotted ALOHA has been often employed by several low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) for Internet of Things (IoT) as a random access (RA) protocol. This work analyzes the performance of unslotted ALOHA systems in terms of throughput and RA delay, and investigates their optimization. Our analysis...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | IEEE internet of things journal 2022-09, Vol.9 (17), p.15800-15813 |
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| creator | Seo, Jun-Bae Hu, Yangqian Pack, Sangheon Jin, Hu |
| description | Unslotted ALOHA has been often employed by several low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) for Internet of Things (IoT) as a random access (RA) protocol. This work analyzes the performance of unslotted ALOHA systems in terms of throughput and RA delay, and investigates their optimization. Our analysis consists of: 1) two- heterogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are different; 2) N - homogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are identical; and 3) homogeneous users of infinite population model. In the two-user case, we investigate the throughput region of unslotted ALOHA by using a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP) and derive the Laplace Stieltjes transform (LST) of the probability density function (PDF) of RA delay. For N -homogeneous user case, we show how the throughput behaves according to the population size, packet length, and backoff rate. Our work may provide a comprehensive analytical framework for unslotted ALOHA systems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1109/JIOT.2022.3150168 |
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This work analyzes the performance of unslotted ALOHA systems in terms of throughput and RA delay, and investigates their optimization. Our analysis consists of: 1) two- heterogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are different; 2) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">N </tex-math></inline-formula>- homogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are identical; and 3) homogeneous users of infinite population model. In the two-user case, we investigate the throughput region of unslotted ALOHA by using a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP) and derive the Laplace Stieltjes transform (LST) of the probability density function (PDF) of RA delay. For <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">N </tex-math></inline-formula>-homogeneous user case, we show how the throughput behaves according to the population size, packet length, and backoff rate. 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(IEEE) 2022</rights><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-d441ed18951b8724499bba4f9799b490c7ead9806d7a2a1a9681cc20542e07d53</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-d441ed18951b8724499bba4f9799b490c7ead9806d7a2a1a9681cc20542e07d53</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-9612-2923 ; 0000-0001-7789-1778 ; 0000-0002-3505-6843 ; 0000-0002-1085-1568</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9708432$$EHTML$$P50$$Gieee$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,792,27903,27904,54736</link.rule.ids><linktorsrc>$$Uhttps://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9708432$$EView_record_in_IEEE$$FView_record_in_$$GIEEE</linktorsrc></links><search><creatorcontrib>Seo, Jun-Bae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Yangqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pack, Sangheon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Hu</creatorcontrib><title>Comprehensive Throughput Analysis of Unslotted ALOHA for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks</title><title>IEEE internet of things journal</title><addtitle>JIoT</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Unslotted ALOHA has been often employed by several low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) for Internet of Things (IoT) as a random access (RA) protocol. This work analyzes the performance of unslotted ALOHA systems in terms of throughput and RA delay, and investigates their optimization. Our analysis consists of: 1) two- heterogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are different; 2) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">N </tex-math></inline-formula>- homogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are identical; and 3) homogeneous users of infinite population model. In the two-user case, we investigate the throughput region of unslotted ALOHA by using a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP) and derive the Laplace Stieltjes transform (LST) of the probability density function (PDF) of RA delay. For <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">N </tex-math></inline-formula>-homogeneous user case, we show how the throughput behaves according to the population size, packet length, and backoff rate. Our work may provide a comprehensive analytical framework for unslotted ALOHA systems.]]></description><subject>Access delay</subject><subject>Delays</subject><subject>Hardware</subject><subject>heterogeneous users</subject><subject>Internet of Things</subject><subject>Low-power wide area networks</subject><subject>Multiple objective analysis</subject><subject>Optimization</subject><subject>Probability density functions</subject><subject>pure ALOHA</subject><subject>Random access</subject><subject>renewal theorem throughput</subject><subject>Sociology</subject><subject>Statistics</subject><subject>Throughput</subject><subject>unslotted ALOHA</subject><subject>Wide area networks</subject><issn>2327-4662</issn><issn>2327-4662</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>RIE</sourceid><recordid>eNpNkE1PwkAURSdGE4nyA4ybSVwXZ6bzuWyICqYRFxCXk6F9lSIwdaaV8O8tgRhX7y7uuXk5CN1RMqKUmMfX6Ww-YoSxUUoFoVJfoAFLmUq4lOzyX75GwxjXhJAeE9TIAVqM_bYJsIJdrH8Az1fBd5-rpmtxtnObQ6wj9hVe7OLGty2UOMtnkwxXPuDc75N3v4eAP-oSkiyAw2_Q7n34irfoqnKbCMPzvUGL56f5eJLks5fpOMuTgpm0TUrOKZRUG0GXWjHOjVkuHa-M6gM3pFDgSqOJLJVjjjojNS0KRgRnQFQp0hv0cNptgv_uILZ27bvQPx4tU0RowbnUfYueWkXwMQaobBPqrQsHS4k9CrRHgfYo0J4F9sz9iakB4K9vFNE8ZekvwPNq4g</recordid><startdate>20220901</startdate><enddate>20220901</enddate><creator>Seo, Jun-Bae</creator><creator>Hu, Yangqian</creator><creator>Pack, Sangheon</creator><creator>Jin, Hu</creator><general>IEEE</general><general>The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)</general><scope>97E</scope><scope>RIA</scope><scope>RIE</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-2923</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7789-1778</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-6843</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-1568</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220901</creationdate><title>Comprehensive Throughput Analysis of Unslotted ALOHA for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks</title><author>Seo, Jun-Bae ; Hu, Yangqian ; Pack, Sangheon ; Jin, Hu</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c293t-d441ed18951b8724499bba4f9799b490c7ead9806d7a2a1a9681cc20542e07d53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Access delay</topic><topic>Delays</topic><topic>Hardware</topic><topic>heterogeneous users</topic><topic>Internet of Things</topic><topic>Low-power wide area networks</topic><topic>Multiple objective analysis</topic><topic>Optimization</topic><topic>Probability density functions</topic><topic>pure ALOHA</topic><topic>Random access</topic><topic>renewal theorem throughput</topic><topic>Sociology</topic><topic>Statistics</topic><topic>Throughput</topic><topic>unslotted ALOHA</topic><topic>Wide area networks</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Seo, Jun-Bae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hu, Yangqian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pack, Sangheon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Hu</creatorcontrib><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 2005-present</collection><collection>IEEE All-Society Periodicals Package (ASPP) 1998-Present</collection><collection>IEEE Electronic Library (IEL)</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><jtitle>IEEE internet of things journal</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext_linktorsrc</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Seo, Jun-Bae</au><au>Hu, Yangqian</au><au>Pack, Sangheon</au><au>Jin, Hu</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Comprehensive Throughput Analysis of Unslotted ALOHA for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks</atitle><jtitle>IEEE internet of things journal</jtitle><stitle>JIoT</stitle><date>2022-09-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>17</issue><spage>15800</spage><epage>15813</epage><pages>15800-15813</pages><issn>2327-4662</issn><eissn>2327-4662</eissn><coden>IITJAU</coden><abstract><![CDATA[Unslotted ALOHA has been often employed by several low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs) for Internet of Things (IoT) as a random access (RA) protocol. This work analyzes the performance of unslotted ALOHA systems in terms of throughput and RA delay, and investigates their optimization. Our analysis consists of: 1) two- heterogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are different; 2) <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">N </tex-math></inline-formula>- homogeneous user case, whose backoff rate and packet length are identical; and 3) homogeneous users of infinite population model. In the two-user case, we investigate the throughput region of unslotted ALOHA by using a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP) and derive the Laplace Stieltjes transform (LST) of the probability density function (PDF) of RA delay. For <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">N </tex-math></inline-formula>-homogeneous user case, we show how the throughput behaves according to the population size, packet length, and backoff rate. Our work may provide a comprehensive analytical framework for unslotted ALOHA systems.]]></abstract><cop>Piscataway</cop><pub>IEEE</pub><doi>10.1109/JIOT.2022.3150168</doi><tpages>14</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9612-2923</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7789-1778</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-6843</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1085-1568</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Access delay Delays Hardware heterogeneous users Internet of Things Low-power wide area networks Multiple objective analysis Optimization Probability density functions pure ALOHA Random access renewal theorem throughput Sociology Statistics Throughput unslotted ALOHA Wide area networks |
| title | Comprehensive Throughput Analysis of Unslotted ALOHA for Low-Power Wide-Area Networks |
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