Improvements in Existing System Integrity Protection Schemes Under Stressed Conditions by Synchrophasor Technology-Case Studies

In this modern era, the power system is stigmatized by a conglomeration of ultra-high voltage AC and DC, multi-terminal DC, and extra-high voltage AC transmission networks. It consists of a large distribution network beyond the country along with traditional generation having Ultra Mega Power Plants (UMPP) and growing ingress of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). The System Integrity and Protection Schemes (SIPS) play a crucial role in preserving a secure and reliable grid and facilitate efficient grid control during severe power system contingencies. In this paper, the operational experiences of three important SIPS in India are presented. Based on a thorough analysis, the drawbacks of these SIPS are identified and an algorithm is proposed to overcome the drawbacks using synchrophasor technology. The performance and capability of the proposed algorithm are evaluated by simulation studies on the 39-bus New England system embedded with HVDC link in MATLAB. Simulation results consummated confirm the effectiveness of the scheme in preserving system integrity. Results are validated using Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP), which is a very powerful design and analysis tool and has an extremely user-friendly interface.