Optimal reconfiguration algorithms for real-time fault-tolerant processor arrays

In this paper we consider the problem of reconfiguring processor arrays subject to computational loads that alternate between two modes. A strict mode is characterized by a heavy computational load and severe constraints on response time while a relaxed mode is characterized by a relatively light computational load and relaxed constraints on response time. In the strict mode, reconfiguration is performed by a distributed local algorithm in order to achieve fast recovery from faults. In the relaxed mode, a global reconfiguration algorithm is used to restore the system to a state that maximizes the probability that future faults occurring in subsequent strict modes will be repairable. Several new results are given for this problem. Efficient reconfiguration algorithms are described for a number of general classes of architectures. These general algorithms obviate the need for architecture-specific algorithms for architectures in these classes. We show that it is unlikely that similar algorithms can be obtained for related classes of architectures since the reconfiguration problem for these classes is NP-complete. Finally, a general approximation algorithm is described that can be used for any architecture. Experimental results are given, suggesting that our algorithms are very effective.< >