The soft X-ray spectroscopy beamline at the LNLS: technical description and commissioning results

The soft X‐ray spectroscopy beamline installed at a bending‐magnet source in the LNLS is presented. A technical description of the main elements is given and some selected commissioning results are shown. The beamline optics was designed to cover the soft X‐ray energy range from 790 up to 4000 eV. The bending‐magnet source has a critical energy of 2.08 keV and delivers ∼1012 photons s−1 mradH−1 (0.1% bandwidth)−1 (100 mA)−1. The focusing element is a gold‐coated toroidal mirror operating at an angle of incidence of 1°. The double‐crystal monochromator has three pairs of crystals which can be selected by a lateral translation. The UHV experimental station is equipped with an ion gun, an electron gun, a LEED optics and an electron analyser. The beamline is intended for X‐ray absorption, photoemission, reflectivity and dichroism experiments. The beamline has been installed, commissioned, and is now open to the external users community.