Candidate Pesticides for Quarantine Use, 1979

Laboratory reared species were caged and exposed to pesticide formulations in transport trailers (ca 71 m3 volume) in Miami, Florida. Twenty five adult tobacco budworms were caged in 3.8 I paper cans. One hundred each adult house and face flies, and mosquitoes, and 50 adult and nymphal German cockroaches were caged in 0.24 I paper cans. Twenty five adult brown dog ticks were caged in 29.6 ml cups. All cages were covered on the upper surface with 6x7 mesh/cm^ nylon net; cups containing ticks were covered with a double layer. Test insects were placed on the vans floor close to the sides. Dusts were formulated with HiSil 233 as the inert carrier and introduced into trailers with a CO2 "gun". EC's and ULV formulations were applied neat with a battery-powered spinning disk device from Micron West, Inc., 8582 Katy Freeway, Houston, TX 77024. Aerosols were formulated with Freon 12 propellant. Cosolvenr, ethanol (10% w/w), was added to the FMC-35171 aerosol formulation. Aerosols were released inside closed trailers, both the premeasured total release, and the manual release were applied while the applicator walked the length of the trailer. Manual release aerosols were sprayed for the required length of time based on release rate, and an accurate dose was obtained by weighing and releasing additional material as necessary. Dusts and sprays were administered through an open rear door. Exposure lasted for 10 min with doors closed and an additional 20 min with one door open. Mortality (dead + moribund) counts were made at 24 hr. Average temp at treatment was 24°C. Tests were replicated at least twice, and Abbott's formula was used to adjust for control mortality as necessary. Results were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.