Association of food intake with cardiometabolic diseases among filipino adults

Abstract Background The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Filipino adults was found to be 12–15% in 2003. Diet has been one of the identified modifiable risk factors targeted to prevent cardiovascular disease or its complications, however the association of each macronutrient component with metabolic syndrome remains unclear. There is no Philippine data on macronutrient intake and cardiometabolic diseases, thus, the primary objective of this study is to determine the association of food intake with cardiometabolic diseases among Filipino adults. Methodology This study utilized a cross-sectional analytic design. Data was taken from the results of the 8th NNHeS in 2013–2015 by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute. Filipino adults from different regions of the Philippines who consented to participate in the interview, anthropometrics, blood collection for clinical data, and other measurements were included in this study. Results There were 8,056 adults included in the NNHeS 2013. The prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome was 33%. Median total calorie intake in one day was 1,524.1 kcal (range: 148.3 to 7349.5) while median total carbohydrates, protein and fat intake in one day were 273.3 grams (range: 33.8 to 1309.2), 49.4 grams (range: 2.8 to 273.3) and 19.8 g (range: 0.2 to 334.9). Multivariate analysis showed that the following were associated with an increased risk for MetS: increased total protein intake OR 1.391 (1.150–1.684), increased daily consumption of meat and poultry OR 1.397 (1.163–1.677), and decreased vegetable intake OR 1.3 (1.080–1.565) Conclusion Increased age, higher socioeconomic status, female sex, increased total protein intake and daily consumption of meat and poultry, and decreased vegetable intake are associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.