Exploring the relationship between crypto AG and the CIA in the use of rigged encryption machines for espionage in Brazil

In this article, we explore how the United States developed an intelligence strategy that, since the Cold War, has been based on relationships with private high-tech companies. Specifically, we analyse documents that demonstrate that the Swiss company Crypto AG-a supplier of cryptographic equipment to more than 120 countries-was controlled by the CIA. We analyse the implications of this for Brazil, in a comparative perspective with the experience of these other nations. Our methodology includes: (1) analysis of documents recently declassified by the US and Brazil; (2) analysis of budget expenditure data; (3) information made available by Crypto AG on its international operations. In our conclusion, we highlight the irrefutability of the relationship established between the CIA and Crypto AG, which lasted from the 1950s to 2018. Finally, we present documents that show that Brazil continued to buy cryptographic equipment from Crypto AG for its Armed Forces until 2019.