Chemical Activation Using an Open-End Coaxial Applicator

This article gives an overview of a novel, experimentally simple and versatile method of activation of chemical processes with microwaves without resorting to an oven. It is based on the use of a microwave antenna, namely an open-end coaxial dipole applicator immersed in an ordinary reaction vessel. Accounts of the apparatus at 2450 MHz and of the procedures adopted in reactions of organic synthesis, extraction of essential oils from plants and photo catalytic mineralization of liquid pollutants are given, discussing the necessary safety measures. The method is of practical interest for scientific and industrial applications. Thus this article is meant for a broad audience of scientists, engineers and technicians interested in new technologies for chemistry.