Electrostatic shocks and solitons in pair-ion plasmas in a two-dimensional geometry

Nonlinear electrostatic waves are studied in unmagnetized, dissipative pair-ion plasmas in the presence of weak transverse perturbations. The dissipation in the system is taken into account by incorporating the kinematic viscosity of both positive and negative ions in plasmas. The Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Burger equation is derived using the small amplitude expansion method. The Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation for pair-ion plasmas is also presented by ignoring the dissipative effects. Both compressive and rarefactive shocks and solitary waves are found to exist in pair-ion plasmas. The dependence of compression and rarefaction on the temperature ratios between the ion species is numerically shown. The present study may have relevance to the understanding of the formation of electrostatic shocks and solitons in laboratory produced pair-ion plasmas.