Coupling between octahedral tilting and ferroelectric order in tetragonal tungsten bronze-structured dielectrics

Strong coupling between local polar displacements and a commensurate octahedral tilting is proposed to explain the onset of classic ferroelectric behavior in tetragonal tungsten bronzelike dielectrics Ba 2 La x Nd 1 − x Nb 3 Ti 2 O 15 . The ferroelectric phase transition is associated with a discontinuous non-lock-in transformation of an incommensurate tilted structure to a commensurate superstructure. In a manner reminiscent of perovskitelike oxides, the driving force for commensurate tilting increases as the average ionic radius of the rare-earth ion decreases; no classical ferroelectric transition is observed for compositions with x > 0.75 , which remain incommensurate and exhibit only relaxor behavior below room temperature.