Osteochondromyxoma of Maxilla: Case Report

Background and Aim: Osteochondromyxoma of bone is an extremely rare tumor. Only a few cases have been reported worldwide, and these were associated with lentigines and other unusual disorders. The aim of this presentation is to report a case of osteochondromyxoma of the right maxilla. Case Report: A 21-year-old woman presented with painless, fixed, hard swelling of the anterior wall of the right maxillary sinus of a 2-year duration. Plain x-rays showed opacity of the right maxillary sinus. Paranasal sinus CT scans depicted a dense, mostly bony mass occupying the right maxillary sinus, which was interpreted as most likely being an osteoma. The mass seemed to arise from the maxilla and was pushing the floor of the orbit up. The lesion was excised and sent for biopsy. A histological examination of alcian blue-stained sections was performed. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of a loose mesenchymal matrix, with sparse, spindle, or stellate cells, without atypia or mitosis. In small zones of mildly increased cellularity, these cells resembled chondrocytes. Isolated, well-formed bone trabeculae with focal osteoblastic rimming were identified within the matrix. The histological findings were compatible with osteochondromyxoma of bone. The patient showed no components of the Carney complex. Conclusions: Although extremely rare, osteochondromyxoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of a bony isolated lesion of the paranasal area.