Anti-protozoan activities of Harungana madagascariensis stem bark extract on trichomonads and malaria

The ethanolic stem bark extract of Harungana madagascariensis (Choisy) Poir, Clusiaceae, was evaluated for their activities on Trichomonas gallinae (Rivolta) Stabler isolated from the pigeon ( Columba livia ). It was also tested for their antimalarial activity on N67 Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis (in-vivo) in mice and on Plasmodium falciparum isolates in-vitro. The IC 50 of the extract and MDZ (flagyl) on T. gallinae at 48 hours are 187 and 1.6µg/ml. The IC 50 of the extract, CQ and ART on P. falciparum are between 0.05 and 0.52µg/ml for the extract and 0.02and 0.041µg/ml for ART and CQ, respectively. The actions of the extract in in vivo study on P.y.nigeriensis showed that in both suppressive and prophylactic tests the percentage of chemo-suppressive was between 28.6–44.8% and 30.2–78.2%, respectively, while only 80mg/kg of the extract reduced the parasitaemia level as compared to the control and the standard drugs in curative test. H. madagascariensis stem bark extract therefore exhibited potent antiprotozoan effects against Trichomonas and Plasmodium both in vivo and in vitro.