Intra-operative detection of porcelain aorta remains a challenging dilemma in coronary artery bypass grafting

Aims: Patients with porcelain aorta and severe calcification of the great vessels are a challenging problem regarding bypass technique, choice of conduit, and selection of proximal anastomotic and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) sites due to the high incidence of devastating thormbembolization, stroke, and aortic injury. Methods: Intra-op detection of porcelain aorta and subsequent change of operative techniques occurred in 49 patients over a period of 3 years (60–84 years of age, mean 76±5, 29% females, unstable angina (55%), acute MI (10%), left main disease (38%), dLV-function (EF