Surgical Techniques Applied for the Treatment of Vertigo, Infratemporal Facial Palsy, and for the Injuries of the Vessels in Temporal Bone Fracture

Idea: Presentation of anatomical topography of the temporal bone fractures in the labyrinth, cochlea, and of the infratemporal pathway of the facial nerve. Methods: We present the following chapters: anatomical topography of the bone fracture; intact canal mastoidectomy and open facial recess, identification of the tympanic and mastoid portions of the facial nerve; decompression, anastomosis: end-to-end grafting of the facial nerve; post-traumatic transmastoid labyrinthectomy; skeletonization of the inner auditory canal, open dura canal, and sections of the superior and inferior vestibular and cochlear nerves; middle cranial fossa approach for repair of compression and injury of the facial nerve (with preservation of hearing) by decompression or anastomosis with grafting nerve; restoration of vascular injury in the temporal bone fracture (sigmoid sinus, jugular bulb, inner carotid artery, superior and inferior petrosal sinus); restoration of the dura and the bone defects. Results: Application of these techniques yielded excellent results with minimal complications, as presented in our clinical cases. Conclusion: This project has presented techniques applied on temporal bone fractures. Patients operated under these techniques showed restoration of the equilibrium in satisfactory degree, functional restoration of the facial nerve, and preservation of hearing.