The impact of FDI on industrial upgrading: Based on the spatial effect analysis of 34 prefecture-level cities in the HuaiHe River Basin

Based on the panel data of 34 prefecture-level cities in the HuaiHe River Basin from 2010 to 2019, the impact of FDI on the industrial transformation and upgrading of the Huaihe River Basin was analyzed by using the spatial Dubin model. The study found that FDI can effectively promote the industrial transformation and upgrading of local cities in the HuaiHe River Basin, and has a significant positive spatial spillover effect, which can not only promote the development of local industries, but also promote the industrial transformation and upgrading of neighboring areas; Education investment and technological innovation inhibit industrial upgrading in the Huaihe River Basin; The impact of regional openness on industrial transformation and upgrading is not significant. Therefore, the formulation of FDI policies needs to fully consider regional interactions and their spillover impacts in geographical space, and steadily implement the strategy of the Huaihe River Ecological and Economic Belt.