Efficiency of different optimisation approaches for optimal parameters of the CSM for investigating the onset field due to corona point

Corona discharges require high and non-uniform field to take place. In this research, the difficulty of suggesting the required arrangement of optimum fictitious charges, their positions and values inside the conductor in charge simulation method (CSM) is solved using genetic algorithm, satin bowerbird optimisation and whale optimisation algorithm. A hybrid model based on combining CSM with proposed optimisation techniques is provided to simulate and calculate the non-uniform electric field that is created by a hyperbolic needle-to-plane configuration expressed in a dielectric medium. The accuracy of electric-field simulation results is investigated by estimating per cent potential error and the maximum deviation angle of the normal field vector at the conductor surface for each proposed optimisation algorithm, taking into account the assessment of the efficiency of all proposed optimisation algorithms. To investigate the validity and accuracy of the proposed model, a comparison is held with available previous simulation and experimental data.