Metal– and covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction coupled with H 2 O oxidation

The overuse of fossil fuels has caused serious energy and environmental issues. To address this, the integration of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction with H 2 O oxidation is considered an effective approach towards achieving carbon neutrality and sustainable development. This article presents a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in utilizing metal– and covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction coupled with H 2 O oxidation. It discusses the key factors influencing the overall reaction, delves into the catalytic mechanisms of CO 2 reduction and H 2 O oxidation half-reactions, and explores the intermediate species involved in the process. Additionally, it summarizes various strategies employed by researchers to enhance the performance and product selectivity for the overall reaction. This review concludes with an outlook on the prospects and challenges of this emerging research field.