Progress in in situ characterization of electrocatalysis

With the continuous development and extensive research of electrocatalytic technology, the unclear dynamic catalytic reaction process limits the in-depth study of reaction regulation mechanisms and the targeted design of excellent catalysts. The comprehension of electrochemical reactions through conventional ex situ characterization techniques poses a formidable challenge. Fortunately, in situ characterization technology makes it possible to further clarify the mechanism of electrocatalytic reactions. Here, we will select some highlight studies of in situ characterization techniques during electrochemical reactions to introduce features and difficulties in practical experiments and give some advice and evaluate future development trends for relevant fields. This article will show the advantages as well as challenges in the in situ technology in electrocatalytic reactions, and indicate the development directions.