Group 11 tris(pyrazolyl)methane complexes: structural features and catalytic applications

Tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands (Tpm x ) have been for years a step behind their highly popular boron-anionic analogues, the tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands (Tp x ). However, in the last decade the development of new members of this family of ligands has boosted a number of contributions albeit their use in coordination chemistry. This fact has also triggered the application of metal-Tpm x complexes as catalysts for a range of organic transformations, particularly with group 11 metals. The main structural features of complexes containing the Tpm x M (M = Cu, Ag, Au) unit and their success as catalysts in a variety of reactions under homogeneous or heterogeneous conditions are presented. Tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands (Tpm x ) have been for years a step behind their highly popular boron-anionic analogues, the tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands (Tp x ).