Printing ultrathin graphene oxide nanofiltration membranes for water purification

We demonstrated for the first time that inkjet printing can be a low-cost, easy, fast, and scalable method for depositing ultrathin (7.5–60 nm) uniform graphene oxide (GO) nanofiltration membranes on polymeric supports for highly effective water purification. A large area (15 × 15 cm 2 ) GO nanofiltration membrane was printed successfully on a modified polyacrylonitrile (M-PAN) support. Water permeance and rejection of small organic molecules (95%) of small organic molecules. Printed GO membranes also showed excellent performance in removing pharmaceutical contaminants, with ∼95% rejection and