A multidisciplinary investigation of the technical and environmental performances of TAML/peroxide elimination of Bisphenol A compounds from water

Designing technologies that mitigate the low-dose adverse effects of exposures to large-volume, everyday-everywhere chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA, 1a ) requires an understanding of the scope of the exposures and the nature of the adverse effects. Therefore, we review the literature of, (i) the occurrences of 1a in humans, waters and products and the effectiveness of widely deployed mitigation methods in 1a stewardship and, (ii) the adverse effects of 1a exposures on human cells and fish. Within this broad context, we present and evaluate experimental results on TAML/H 2 O 2 purification of 1a contaminated waters. TAML/H 2 O 2 catalysis readily oxidizes BPA ( 1a ) and the ring-tetramethyl ( 1b ), tetrachloro ( 1c ), and tetrabromo ( 1d )-substituted derivatives. At pH 8.5, TAML/H 2 O 2 induces controllable, oxidative oligomerisation of 1a (2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-unit species were identified) with precipitation, establishing a green synthetic pathway to these substances for biological safety characterisation and an easy method for near quantitative removal of 1a from water. TAML/H 2 O 2 (24 nM/4 mM) treatment of 1a (10 000 μg L −1 ) in pH 8.5 (0.01 M, carbonate) lab water effects a >99% reduction (to 99.9% reduction (to