Synthesis and structural characterization of electrochemically reversible bisferrocenes containing bis(acyl-thiourea)s: enantiomers and conformers

Two chiral bisferrocenyl-modified bis(acyl-thiourea) enantiomers, (1 R ,2 R )-bis(ferrocenylcarbonylthioureido)cyclohexane ( 1 ) and (1 S ,2 S )-bis(ferrocenylcarbonylthioureido)cyclohexane ( 2 ), were synthesized by the reactions of 2.2 equivalents of ferrocenoyl isothiocyanate with (1 R ,2 R ) and (1 S ,2 S )-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (1,2-DACH) via a nucleophilic addition reaction, respectively. The two new compounds were fully characterized by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, IR, UV-Vis, elemental analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) experiments of compounds 1 and 2 showed roughly similar single reversible redox waves when using n Bu 4 NClO 4 (TBAP) as the supporting electrolyte, whereas two CV and DPV waves were observed when using n Bu 4 NBAr F 4 [Ar F 4 = 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]. Furthermore, both compounds 1 and 2 displayed potential antitumor activity against human HepG2 cells. When compounds 1 and 2 were crystallized from diethyl ether, the solvent-free enantiomers ( 1 and 2 ) were obtained, respectively. Molecules of both solvent-free enantiomers ( 1 and 2 ) assemble into a three-dimensional network structure through hydrogen-bonding and C–H⋯π (cyclopentadienyl rings) interactions. On the other hand, crystallization of compound 1 from benzene produced a benzene disolvate, 1·(C6H6)2 . Molecules of the solvent-free and disolvated forms of compound 1 exhibit different molecular conformations and packing arrangements.