Role of Pd nanoparticles in gas sensing behaviour of Pd@In 2 O 3 yolk–shell nanoreactors
Pd@In 2 O 3 yolk–shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a simple solution route using Pd@C core–shell NPs as template and applied for gas sensing. A glucose-assisted hydrothermal method was used for the synthesis of Pd@C core–shell NPs. Pd@In 2 O 3 yolk–shell NPs were formed after calcination...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability Materials for energy and sustainability, 2016, Vol.4 (1), p.264-269 |
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Hauptverfasser: | , , , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
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Zusammenfassung: | Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a simple solution route using Pd@C core–shell NPs as template and applied for gas sensing. A glucose-assisted hydrothermal method was used for the synthesis of Pd@C core–shell NPs. Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell NPs were formed after calcination (450 °C for 3h) of Pd@C core–shell NPs containing indium precursor. In the Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell geometry, about 50–70 nm Pd NPs were present at the periphery of an In
2
O
3
shell (10–20 nm thickness). The In
2
O
3
shell was composed of ∼10 nm primary particles. The role of Pd NPs in gas sensing behavior of In
2
O
3
has been investigated. The loading of In
2
O
3
with Pd NPs improved the response for reducing gases, but reduced the response for oxidizing gases. The response of Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell NPs to ethanol was approximately 14 times higher than that of pure In
2
O
3
hollow nanospheres at 350 °C. However, no response was recorded for NO
2
for Pd@In
2
O
3
as compared to In
2
O
3
(resistance ratio
R
s
= 2.50) at 350 °C. The maximum response of Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell NPs to 5 ppm ethanol was 159.02 at 350 °C, which was approximately 2.5 times higher than those for other interfering gases (NO
2
,
p
-xylene, trimethylamine, HCHO, CO and H
2
). The effect of humidity on the gas sensing characteristics of Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell NPs suggested that the present sensor can be used to detect ppm-level ethanol even in highly humid atmosphere (80% RH). The improved gas sensing performance of Pd@In
2
O
3
yolk–shell NPs was attributed to catalytic activity of Pd NPs as well as hollow spaces that allowed the accessibility of Pd NPs to gas molecules. |
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ISSN: | 2050-7488 2050-7496 |
DOI: | 10.1039/C5TA08873A |