Copula Modeling and Uncertainty Propagation in Field‐Scale Simulation of CO 2 Fault Leakage

Framework for efficient stochastic upscaling, modeling, and uncertainty propagation for CO 2 storage, demonstrated on a North Sea test case Stochastic fault properties upscaled to two‐phase flow functions with reduced complexity and a format suitable for uncertainty propagation Significant computational cost reduction for adaptive stratified sampling compared to Monte Carlo sampling in estimation of CO 2 leakage