Ginkgo biloba Extract EGb 761 ® in Children with ADHD: Preliminary Findings of an Open Multilevel Dose-Finding Study

Objectives: The side effects, nonresponse, and prejudices against conventional pharmacological treatments call for complementary or alternative medical treatments (CAM) for ADHD. One possible treatment, at least for cognitive problems, might be the administration of Ginkgo biloba, though evidence is currently rare. This study tests the clinical efficacy of a Ginkgo biloba special extract (EGb 761 ® ) and its correlation with brain electrical activity in children with ADHD combined type according to DSM-IV. Method: In this open clinical pilot study, EGb 761 ® was administered to 20 children with ADHD over 3 to 5 weeks. Dosage was increased to a maximum of 240 mg daily if attention problems persisted. Possible drug side effects were assessed using the Side Effect Rating Scale. Efficacy was assessed in a multilevel approach including clinical assessment, quality of life (QoL), as well as performance and preparatory brain-electrical activity evoked during a Continuous Performance Test (Cue-CNV in the CPT). Results: A very low rate of mild adverse effects occurred during the observation period. Following EGb 761 ® administration, possible improvements in QoL, ADHD core symptoms as well as CPT performance were detected. Improved core symptoms were positively related to elevated CNV amplitude. Conclusion: This preliminary evidence suggests that EGb 761 ® at a maximal dosage of 240 mg daily might be a clinically useful alternative treatment for children with ADHD, but further evidence is required before firm conclusions can be made.