Comparison of Fascaplysin and Related Alkaloids:  A Study of Structures, Cytotoxicities, and Sources

The fascaplysin class of compounds have been further investigated from six organisms consisting of four sponge collections (Fascaplysinopsis reticulata) and two tunicate collections (Didemnum sp.). This work is an extension of an earlier communication and reports the isolation of 12 new fascaplysin derivatives: 10-bromofascaplysin (7), 3,10-dibromofascaplysin (8), homofascaplysate A (9), homofascaplysin B-1 (11), 3-bromohomofascaplysins B (12), B-1 (13), and C (15), 7,14-dibromoreticulatine (17), reticulatol (20), 14-bromoreticulatol (21), and 3-bromosecofascaplysins A (22) and B (23), along with known compounds: fascaplysin (1), reticulatine (4), 3-bromofascaplysin (6), and homofascaplysin C (14). Selected compounds were screened in a cell-based cytotoxicity assay with compounds 1, 6, and fascaplysin A (24) also screened in the NCI 60 cell line panel. A biogenetic pathway for the brominated fascaplysins and brominated related alkaloids is proposed and discussed.