Coagulation Rate Measurements of Colloidal Particles by Simultaneous Static and Dynamic Light Scattering

In this work we study the kinetics of coagulation of monodisperse spherical colloids in aqueous suspension at the early stage of coagulation. We have performed the measurements on a multiangle static and dynamic light scattering instrument using a fiber-optics-based detection system which permits simultaneous time-resolved measurements at different angles. The absolute coagulation rate constants are determined from the change of the scattering light intensity as well as from the increase of the hydrodynamic radius at different angles. The combined evaluation of static and dynamic light scattering results permits the determination of coagulation rate constants without the explicit use of light scattering form factors for the aggregates. For different electrolytes fast coagulation rate constants were estimated. Stability curves were measured as a function of ionic strength using different particle concentrations.