Influence of Water-Soluble Polymers on the Shear-Induced Structure Formation in Lyotropic Lamellar Phases

The shear-induced structure formation in lyotropic lamellar phases containing water-soluble polymers is investigated. The lyotropic phases consisted of sodium dodecyl sulfate/1-decanol/D2O and were mixed either with poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM), hydroxyethyl starch (HES), poly(vinyl caprolactame) (PVCa), or poly(ethylenglycol)distearate (PEG-DS). Rheo-optical experiments (flow birefringence and small-angle light scattering, SALS) as well as small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) combined with a commercial rheometer were used to observe structural changes, e.g., layer reorientation or formation of multilamellar vesicles (liposomes). Equilibrium properties of the lamellar phases were investigated using quasi elastic light scattering (QELS) and static SANS, the latter was analyzed using a model proposed by Nallet et al. The polymer addition led to a viscosity increase but the flipping of aligned lamellae from parallel to perpendicular orientation was hardly affected by the polymers. The shear-induced formation of multilamellar vesicles (MLV), however, was strongly influenced by the macromolecules. The addition of small amounts of PNIPAM shifted the region where vesicles are formed to samples with higher decanol contents whereas HES, PVCa, and PEG-DS suppressed the MLV formation in all cases. Results from SANS and QELS indicate a possible correlation between the shear-induced vesicle formation and the viscoelastic properties of the surfactant bilayer.