Antioxidant Activity of Prune (Prunus domestica L.) Constituents and a New Synergist

Ethanol extract of prune was separated into hexane-soluble and H2O-soluble fractions, and the H2O-soluble fraction was further separated into a methanol (MeOH) eluate and an H2O eluate by Diaion HP-20 column chromatography. The MeOH eluate exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity among the separated fractions evaluated by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Further purification of the MeOH eluate led to isolation of a novel compound, 4-amino-4-carboxychroman-2-one, together with four known compounds (p-coumaric acid, vanillic acid β-glucoside, protocatechuic acid, and caffeic acid), structures of which were identified by NMR and MS analyses. The ORAC values of these isolated compounds showed 0.15−1.43 units (μmol of Trolox equiv)/μmol, and the new compound showed a remarkable synergistic effect on caffeoylquinic acid isomers. The antioxidant activity of the MeOH eluate was highly dependent on the major prune components, caffeoylquinic acid isomers, with a contribution from the new synergist. Keywords: Prune (Prunus domestica L.); oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC); HPLC; caffeoylquinic acid isomers; 4-amino-4-carboxychroman-2-one; synergist