Perspectives for Implementing Distributed Generation in Developing Countries through Modeling Techniques

This paper addresses the status, problems, and development of distributed energy resources in developing countries. We have focused on the projects in Latin America, Asia, eastern Europe, and North Africa. The problems for developing new energy technologies are linked to particular conditions, such as regulated markets, energy policies, urban planning and development, low-income communities, environmental impact, and economic instability. We are presenting a perspective based on the literature review of the different proposals for solving the particular problems associated with the implementation of energy projects under the modeling perspective, highlighting the residential environment and domestic applications. Five different fields used on modeling approaches are included in the review: technologic development, economic performance, environmental impact, social context, and modeling proposals. We have identified the addressed problems, the applied modeling techniques, the trends shown by the results presented, and the expectations for future works in the field of distributed energy generation.