Glucose Dehydrogenase-like Nanozyme Based on Black Phosphorus Nanosheets for High-Performance Biofuel Cells

Black phosphorus (BP) has attracted tremendous attention as a new two-dimensional semiconductor material with excellent optical and electrical properties. Unfortunately, the mimicking enzyme characteristics of BP have never been investigated. Herein, BP is discovered to exhibit glucose dehydrogenase-like behavior, which can enable catalytic glucose oxidation without any byproducts (e.g., H2O2). More importantly, the BP nanosheets also exhibited excellent catalytic performance in broad pH and temperature scope, as well as high stability. This discovery breaks the situation where only glucose oxidase (GOx)-like nanozyme for glucose oxidation is reported. When BP nanosheets were utilized as anodic enzymes for enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs), the EBFCs exhibited superior power output and high stability compared with that of bioenzyme-based EBFCs. This work not only develops the application of BP in the nanozyme field but also provides a new viewpoint to construct EBFCs with excellent performance and stability.