Fabrication and Characterization of Floating Memory Devices Based on Thiolate-Protected Gold Nanoclusters

The floating memory properties of thiolate-protected gold (Au:SR) nanoclusters, Au25(SR)18, Au38(SR)24, Au144(SR)60, and Au333(SR)79 (R = C12H25), and Au colloids were investigated using four-probe measurements in vacuum. Uniform and monolayer films of Au:SR nanoclusters or Au colloids were formed as floating memory layers on p-type Si substrates by Langmuir–Blodgett method. The fluoropolymer (CYTOP, ∼15 nm thick) was spin-coated on top to form a hydrophobic insulating layer. Using Au dot (∼40 nm thick) as the anode electrode, the capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements were performed using the Au and Cu plate electrodes as contact points for the two probes. Clockwise hysteresis curves originating from the Au:SR nanoclusters or Au colloids were observed, and the hysteresis width was dependent on the size of the Au:SR nanoclusters and the sample temperature. In particular, for the Au38(SR)24 nanocluster, multiple phases were observed in the C–V curve, implying their application in multivalued memory devices.