Histological and Cytological Effects of Haloxyfop on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Unicorn-Plant (Proboscidea louisianica) Root Meristems

The effects of haloxyfop on elongation, mitotic index, and morphology of sorghum and unicorn-plant primary roots were examined. Elongation of sorghum roots was completely inhibited by haloxyfop concentrations of 10–6 M or greater 24 h after treatment, whereas unicorn-plant root elongation was unaffe...

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Veröffentlicht in:Weed science 1989-07, Vol.37 (4), p.503-511
Hauptverfasser: Vaughn, Steven F., Merkle, Morris G.
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description The effects of haloxyfop on elongation, mitotic index, and morphology of sorghum and unicorn-plant primary roots were examined. Elongation of sorghum roots was completely inhibited by haloxyfop concentrations of 10–6 M or greater 24 h after treatment, whereas unicorn-plant root elongation was unaffected by the same concentrations 72 h after treatment. Mitotic indices of sorghum roots were reduced by both 10–6 and 10–8 M haloxyfop, with the higher concentration reducing the index to near zero by 24 h of exposure. The mitotic indices of unicorn-plant roots were unaffected by the same levels of the herbicide after both 24- and 48-h treatment. Histological analyses showed that after 24 h exposure to 10–6 M haloxyfop, large vacuoles were present in cells at the root apex that normally did not exhibit these organelles. After 48 h of exposure many cells in the apical region appeared to lack visible cytoplasm and/or nuclei, and by 72 h only cell walls remained visibly evident, and many cells had collapsed. These changes are similar to those that occur in tissues undergoing senescence. Treatment of sorghum roots with 10–8 M haloxyfop did not cause discernible changes after 72 h. Unicorn-plant roots treated with 10–6 M haloxyfop appeared unaffected after 72 h.
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Elongation of sorghum roots was completely inhibited by haloxyfop concentrations of 10–6 M or greater 24 h after treatment, whereas unicorn-plant root elongation was unaffected by the same concentrations 72 h after treatment. Mitotic indices of sorghum roots were reduced by both 10–6 and 10–8 M haloxyfop, with the higher concentration reducing the index to near zero by 24 h of exposure. The mitotic indices of unicorn-plant roots were unaffected by the same levels of the herbicide after both 24- and 48-h treatment. Histological analyses showed that after 24 h exposure to 10–6 M haloxyfop, large vacuoles were present in cells at the root apex that normally did not exhibit these organelles. After 48 h of exposure many cells in the apical region appeared to lack visible cytoplasm and/or nuclei, and by 72 h only cell walls remained visibly evident, and many cells had collapsed. These changes are similar to those that occur in tissues undergoing senescence. 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Elongation of sorghum roots was completely inhibited by haloxyfop concentrations of 10–6 M or greater 24 h after treatment, whereas unicorn-plant root elongation was unaffected by the same concentrations 72 h after treatment. Mitotic indices of sorghum roots were reduced by both 10–6 and 10–8 M haloxyfop, with the higher concentration reducing the index to near zero by 24 h of exposure. The mitotic indices of unicorn-plant roots were unaffected by the same levels of the herbicide after both 24- and 48-h treatment. Histological analyses showed that after 24 h exposure to 10–6 M haloxyfop, large vacuoles were present in cells at the root apex that normally did not exhibit these organelles. After 48 h of exposure many cells in the apical region appeared to lack visible cytoplasm and/or nuclei, and by 72 h only cell walls remained visibly evident, and many cells had collapsed. These changes are similar to those that occur in tissues undergoing senescence. Treatment of sorghum roots with 10–8 M haloxyfop did not cause discernible changes after 72 h. Unicorn-plant roots treated with 10–6 M haloxyfop appeared unaffected after 72 h.</description><subject>ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA</subject><subject>ANATOMIE VEGETALE</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Cell walls</subject><subject>Chemical control</subject><subject>CITOLOGIA</subject><subject>CYTOLOGIE</subject><subject>ENVEJECIMIENTO</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>HERBICIDAS</subject><subject>HERBICIDE</subject><subject>Herbicides</subject><subject>HISTOLOGIA</subject><subject>HISTOLOGIE</subject><subject>Histology</subject><subject>MERISTEMAS</subject><subject>MERISTEME</subject><subject>METABOLISME</subject><subject>METABOLISMO</subject><subject>MITOSE</subject><subject>MITOSIS</subject><subject>Mitotic index</subject><subject>Parasitic plants. Weeds</subject><subject>Physiology, Chemistry and Biochemistry</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Plant roots</subject><subject>Plants</subject><subject>RACINE</subject><subject>RAICES</subject><subject>Root growth</subject><subject>Root tips</subject><subject>Sorghum</subject><subject>SORGHUM BICOLOR</subject><subject>TUBIFLORAE</subject><subject>VACUOLA</subject><subject>VACUOLE</subject><subject>Vacuoles</subject><subject>VIEILLISSEMENT</subject><subject>Weeds</subject><issn>0043-1745</issn><issn>1550-2759</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1989</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kc1qGzEUhUVooW7SB2joQossksUk945-ZxlMWgcSGuJ6PUgzI1dmPDLSGOpHyFtXjvOzKHQlXb5zLkdHhHxFuERAdTUH4AwVFwCgSobsiExQCChKJaoPZLLHxZ5_Ip9TWgGgLLGakKeZT2Pow9I3pqdmaOl09z7fONc1Y6LB0Znpw5-dCxsaBjoPcfl7u6bnrxfrm2yKF88bFkOe4lA89GYY6flDDDakxredoX3Y-uRNFpgL-hjCSO-7mBN063RCPjrTp-7Ly3lMFt9vfk1nxd3PH7fT67uiKbUeC61QA7MMuHSWg-YVB6dbtIKjNJJhY6SoqrayxrVCu1Ij5wpKFJZLZQU7JnjY28SQUuxcvYl-beKuRqj3Xdb_dJk9ZwfPxqTci4tmaHx6M0oJCpXOsm8H2Sp3Gt8wB86llhmfHrAzoTbL_O56Ma_yT7ByD9lLLLO20bfLrl6FbRxyFf8J9hc7HpTA</recordid><startdate>19890701</startdate><enddate>19890701</enddate><creator>Vaughn, Steven F.</creator><creator>Merkle, Morris G.</creator><general>Cambridge University Press</general><general>Weed Science Society of America</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19890701</creationdate><title>Histological and Cytological Effects of Haloxyfop on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Unicorn-Plant (Proboscidea louisianica) Root Meristems</title><author>Vaughn, Steven F. ; Merkle, Morris G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c288t-871803b3046fb4084940f8d1b5416a631ca6599d9bafd58f2814470215b467b53</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1989</creationdate><topic>ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA</topic><topic>ANATOMIE VEGETALE</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Cell walls</topic><topic>Chemical control</topic><topic>CITOLOGIA</topic><topic>CYTOLOGIE</topic><topic>ENVEJECIMIENTO</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>HERBICIDAS</topic><topic>HERBICIDE</topic><topic>Herbicides</topic><topic>HISTOLOGIA</topic><topic>HISTOLOGIE</topic><topic>Histology</topic><topic>MERISTEMAS</topic><topic>MERISTEME</topic><topic>METABOLISME</topic><topic>METABOLISMO</topic><topic>MITOSE</topic><topic>MITOSIS</topic><topic>Mitotic index</topic><topic>Parasitic plants. Weeds</topic><topic>Physiology, Chemistry and Biochemistry</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Plant roots</topic><topic>Plants</topic><topic>RACINE</topic><topic>RAICES</topic><topic>Root growth</topic><topic>Root tips</topic><topic>Sorghum</topic><topic>SORGHUM BICOLOR</topic><topic>TUBIFLORAE</topic><topic>VACUOLA</topic><topic>VACUOLE</topic><topic>Vacuoles</topic><topic>VIEILLISSEMENT</topic><topic>Weeds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vaughn, Steven F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Merkle, Morris G.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Weed science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vaughn, Steven F.</au><au>Merkle, Morris G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Histological and Cytological Effects of Haloxyfop on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Unicorn-Plant (Proboscidea louisianica) Root Meristems</atitle><jtitle>Weed science</jtitle><addtitle>Weed sci</addtitle><date>1989-07-01</date><risdate>1989</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>503</spage><epage>511</epage><pages>503-511</pages><issn>0043-1745</issn><eissn>1550-2759</eissn><coden>WEESA6</coden><abstract>The effects of haloxyfop on elongation, mitotic index, and morphology of sorghum and unicorn-plant primary roots were examined. Elongation of sorghum roots was completely inhibited by haloxyfop concentrations of 10–6 M or greater 24 h after treatment, whereas unicorn-plant root elongation was unaffected by the same concentrations 72 h after treatment. Mitotic indices of sorghum roots were reduced by both 10–6 and 10–8 M haloxyfop, with the higher concentration reducing the index to near zero by 24 h of exposure. The mitotic indices of unicorn-plant roots were unaffected by the same levels of the herbicide after both 24- and 48-h treatment. Histological analyses showed that after 24 h exposure to 10–6 M haloxyfop, large vacuoles were present in cells at the root apex that normally did not exhibit these organelles. After 48 h of exposure many cells in the apical region appeared to lack visible cytoplasm and/or nuclei, and by 72 h only cell walls remained visibly evident, and many cells had collapsed. These changes are similar to those that occur in tissues undergoing senescence. Treatment of sorghum roots with 10–8 M haloxyfop did not cause discernible changes after 72 h. Unicorn-plant roots treated with 10–6 M haloxyfop appeared unaffected after 72 h.</abstract><cop>Cambridge, UK</cop><pub>Cambridge University Press</pub><doi>10.1017/S0043174500072313</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
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ispartof Weed science, 1989-07, Vol.37 (4), p.503-511
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language eng
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source Jstor Complete Legacy
subjects ANATOMIA DE LA PLANTA
ANATOMIE VEGETALE
Biological and medical sciences
Cell walls
Chemical control
CITOLOGIA
CYTOLOGIE
ENVEJECIMIENTO
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
HERBICIDAS
HERBICIDE
Herbicides
HISTOLOGIA
HISTOLOGIE
Histology
MERISTEMAS
MERISTEME
METABOLISME
METABOLISMO
MITOSE
MITOSIS
Mitotic index
Parasitic plants. Weeds
Physiology, Chemistry and Biochemistry
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Plant roots
Plants
RACINE
RAICES
Root growth
Root tips
Sorghum
SORGHUM BICOLOR
TUBIFLORAE
VACUOLA
VACUOLE
Vacuoles
VIEILLISSEMENT
Weeds
title Histological and Cytological Effects of Haloxyfop on Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and Unicorn-Plant (Proboscidea louisianica) Root Meristems
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