Experimental study of liquid immersion cooling for different cylindrical lithium-ion batteries under rapid charging conditions

•The liquid immersion cooling is proposed and tested for lithium-ion battery under fast charging.•The temperature responses for various cylindrical lithium-ion battery was measured.•Two-phase heat transfer has been triggered under fast charging and it effectively control the temperature on cell.•Fluorinated liquid immersion cooling is demonstrated to be promising cooling method for lithium-ion battery. In this study, the liquid immersion cooling scheme based on SF33 has been proposed and tested for cooling the six different types of cylindrical lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under fast charging conditions. Firstly, the voltage and temperature responses of LIBs under fast charging conditions with natural convection and SF33 immersion cooling were explored. It is found that the SF33 immersion cooling has a significant advantage over natural convection on controlling the battery temperature, thus ensuring the stability and safety of LIBs in the fast charging process. Subsequently, the high-speed photography was used to observe the bubble behaviors in the cooling process of SF33, and the heat transfer mechanism in the two-phase heat transfer process corresponding to immersion cooling of LIB was preliminary analyzed and discussed. It can be concluded that when the charging current is higher, the phenomenon of subcooled boiling as well as saturation boiling is generated in the SF33. The transition from single-phase convective heat transfer to boiling heat transfer greatly increases the heat transfer coefficient.