Supply- and cyber-related disruptions in cloud supply chain firms: Determining the best recovery speeds

•Study the cloud supply chains that face supply- and cyber-related disruptions.•Investigate speeds of recovery from disruptions.•Develop a cellular automata simulation. This study investigated the speeds (i.e., radical, incremental, relaxed benchmarking, rigorous benchmarking, matching, and market-driven) of firms’ recovery from supply- and cyber-related disruptions in cloud supply chains (SCs). Supply-related disruptions downgrade the firm’s operational capabilities (e.g., production capacity and labor supply), and cyber-related disruptions reduce its intangible capabilities (e.g., reputation, brand image, and public trust). This study introduced a cellular automata (CA) simulation model to determine the best recovery speeds following the loss of operational and intangible capabilities. Furthermore, to investigate the impact of cloud adoption on an SC firm’s best speeds of recovery from supply-related disruptions, we compared firms that had adopted the cloud with those using the on-site data centers.