Surface modification of CP-Ti by calcium-phosphate via an integrated electrospinning and rapid heating and cooling (EMRHC) process: Essential in-vitro studies for bone regeneration

This study focuses on developing a bioactive coating created by the integration of electrospinning and rapid heating and cooling (EMRHC) processes. Electrospun PVP/HA nanofibers were masked on the CP-Ti and rapidly were heated at 400 °C and 700 °C. A nanostructured ceramic coating with 1–3 µm thickness was achieved by attaching the particles in the diameter range of 200–300 nm. Phase study indicated that tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP), CaTiO3, TiO2, and Ti5P3 were the main products. The wettability of coatings was between 50° and 80°. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirmed the EMRHC process for enhancing the corrosion resistance in a simulated body fluid. It was also found that the chemical stability of the coating was kept due to its passive behavior. The cytocompatibility test by culturing MG63 osteosarcoma cells confirmed the positive effects of the EMRHC process on the bone regeneration ability, due to improving the proliferation and attachment of the cells to the calcium phosphate coating. The findings of this study strongly suggest the effectiveness of the EMRHC process for bone regeneration application.