Review on selective absorber coatings: A catalyst for enhanced solar energy conversion efficiency

Selective absorber coatings for solar energy systems play a crucial role in energy conversion efficiency by selectively capturing solar radiation while minimizing thermal losses. This review article presents recent energy statistics and the growing demand for solar energy applications. It then delves into various solar energy conversion techniques, fundamental principles of solar thermal systems, and the significance of selective absorber coatings. The discussion extends to different deposition methods, including physical and chemical vapour deposition, highlighting their applicability to various coating materials. Notable significance is economically viable strategies for advancing coating fabrication, including electrochemical and sol-gel methodologies that leverage low-cost raw materials and pioneering material design principles. The review explores recent advancements in spinel structure-based materials, renowned for their spectral selectivity, high solar absorptance, low thermal emittance, and stability at elevated temperatures, ideal for solar thermal applications. To address all the challenges and prospects, it emphasizes the necessity for durable and economical coatings to propel solar energy utilization forward. It concludes by underscoring the immense potential of selective absorber coatings in enhancing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of solar thermal systems. Continued research and development efforts are crucial for establishing sustainable energy solutions.