Lithium battery prognostics and health management for electric vehicle application – A perspective review

[Display omitted] •To understand the degradation mechanism in LIB batteries used in EV applications.•To investigate different prognostic methodologies and health management strategies.•Battery second life prediction and assessing the SOH/RUL.•Techno-economic analysis of battery second life for different applications. Lithium-ion batteries exhibit a dynamic electrochemical system that experiences challenges such as aging and degradation over time. The challenges vary under operational and environmental parameters, resulting in nonlinear behavior, safety hazards, and unpredictable performances during operation. Cell aging and degradation is a complicated issue that involves several electrochemical reactions on the anode, electrolyte, and cathode, making it more complicated in electric vehicle batteries. In the battery management system, prognostic and diagnostics are necessary to function properly and provide maintenance data on time. The review introduced optimizing cell performance and system reliability via prognostic and diagnostic methods for electric vehicle applications. The prognostic and health management methods, challenges, benefits, and key findings are considered a revolutionary technology and can push the limits of systems health management understanding of aging and degradation for electric vehicle applications. Recent advancements in model-based, data-driven, and hybrid techniques are emphasized to offer a unified solution for prognostic and diagnostic tasks.