Emotional schemas in relation to educators’ social and emotional competencies to promote student SEL

A rapidly growing body of research examines the social and emotional competencies (SEC) educators need to fulfill their professional roles effectively. The prosocial classroom model emphasizes the significance of educators' SECs in maintaining wellbeing, managing classrooms, building positive student relationships, and delivering proficient social-emotional learning (SEL) instruction. This paper examines the relationship between emotional schemas and educators’ SEC, exploring their relevance in understanding developmental contexts for both educators and students. Effective SEL instruction requires educators to model the skills they teach, manage stress and emotional reactivity, and provide “co-regulation” to help students manage their emotions. Despite the importance of these competencies, research has yet to fully clarify the constructs contributing to educators' SECs and how cultural variations in emotion understanding affect this dynamic. Emotional schemas, formed through developmental processes and socialization, influence psychological well-being, impact relationships, and can be adaptive or maladaptive. Theories of meta-emotion and metacognition provide frameworks for understanding and developing adaptive emotional schemas. We present a model linking educators’ emotional schemas to their SECs and review the relationships between educators’ emotional schemas, their wellbeing, and their capacity to create prosocial classroom environments. We examine existing intervention strategies that support adaptive emotional schemas, aiming to improve educators' SECs, SEL instruction, and overall well-being. Finally, we propose directions for future research to enhance understanding and practical applications in educational settings.