Multi-objective Optimal Model of Rural Multi-energy Complementary System with Biogas Cogeneration and Electric Vehicle Considering Carbon Emission and Satisfaction

•A multi-objective optimization model of rural multi-energy complementary system is proposed•The proposed model considers economic, environmental, and service benefits•Biogas cogeneration units can improve system scheduling flexibility•The charge and discharge characteristics of electric vehicles have peak-cutting and valley-filling functions. Wind, solar, and other renewable energy sources along with roofs, wastelands, and other spatial resources are abundant in rural areas. This paper presents a rural multi-energy complementary system structure, which establishes the output model of wind power, biogas cogeneration, firewood-saving stoves, photovoltaic heat collectors, and air source heat pumps. Moreover, a flexible charge and discharge load model of electric vehicles is established, and a demand response mechanism is implemented to guide the user's electricity consumption behavior. The multi-objective optimization model of the system is based on the minimum energy cost, lowest carbon emissions, and highest energy consumption satisfaction as the multi-objective function. Subsequently, the epsilon-constraint method is used to obtain the Pareto solution set of the multi-objective optimization model, and fuzzy decision theory is used to obtain a compromised optimal solution of the Pareto front. Finally, a rural area in northern China is considered as the study area. The results of the calculation examples show that biogas cogeneration units and electric vehicles can improve the consumption of clean energy, reduce the system energy cost by 358.9 yuan, reduce carbon emissions by 1605.8 kg, increase energy consumption satisfaction, and improve the economic, environmental, service, and other benefits of the system.