Allocation of RESs and PEV Fast-Charging Station on Coupled Transportation and Distribution Networks

•Optimal allocation of fast charging stations and renewable energy resources•Proposing a capacitated deviation-flow refueling location model•Taking into consideration the possibility of multiple shortest paths•Regarding constraints of the coupled distribution and transportation networks Utilization of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in the world is increasing, causing researchers to pay more attention to issues related to PEV fast-charging stations (FCSs). Since PEV FCSs are used simultaneously by a large number of PEVs, they can cause negative effects on electrical networks, including increased losses and voltage deviations. Therefore, optimal siting and sizing of these stations to decrease their negative effects on electrical networks is one of the main challenges in the extensive use of PEVs. In this paper, optimal location and capacity of FCSs and renewable energy sources (RES) are simultaneously determined, while deviation paths and uncertainties of RESs are considered. For this purpose, first a capacitated deviation flow refueling location model (CDFRLM) is proposed to cover the charging demand for PEVs on the transport network. Then, the desired problem is modeled based on the mixed-integer linear programming (MILP), which can be solved using commercially available softwares. The proposed model is implemented on 14-bus and 33-bus distribution test systems which are coupled with a 25-node transportation network. The results show that considering the volatile RES and deviation paths in the problem will affect the location and capacity of charging stations, investment costs, and coverage rates of vehicles charging.