Filter-based absorption enhancement measurement for internally mixed black carbon particles over southern China

The effect of the mixing state of black carbon (BC) on light absorption is of enduring interest due to its close connection to regional/global climate. Herein, we present concurrent measurements of both BC absorption enhancement (Eabs) and the chemical mixing state in southern China. Eabs was obtained by simultaneous measuring the light absorption coefficient using an aethalometer before and after being heated. The observed Eabs was categorized into non- (Eabs ≤ 1.0), slight (1.0 1.2) enhancement groups, and it was compared to the mixing state of elemental carbon (EC) particles detected by a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS). The individual EC-containing particles were classified into four types, including EC with sodium and potassium ion peaks (NaK-EC), long EC cluster ions (Cn+/−, n ≥ 6) with sulfate (EC-Sul1), short EC cluster ions (Cn+/−, n