Presence and distribution of selected pharmaceutical compounds in water and surface sediment of the Golden Horn Estuary, Sea of Marmara, Turkey

The presence and distribution of ketoprofen, fenoprofen, diclofenac ibuprofen, naproxen, gemfibrozil, clofibric acid, estrone, 17β-estradiol, 17α-ethinylestradiol, and carbamazepine were investigated in water and surface sediment of the Golden Horn Estuary (Sea of Marmara, Turkey). Water samples were collected seasonally from different depths in nine sampling stations. Surface sediment samples were taken at four stations once a year. Liquid–liquid and solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods were performed on water samples. Sediment samples were extracted by ultrasonic extraction and then SPE method was applied for clean-up. Subsequently, all samples were analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The most dominant compounds were found as gemfibrozil (